Q 10. भारत सरकार ने हाल ही में घोषणा की है कि वामपंथी उग्रवाद (एल डब्ल्यू ई) 2026 तक समाप्त कर दिया जाएगा। आप एल डब्ल्यू ई से क्या समझते हैं तथा जनता इससे किस प्रकार प्रभावित है? एल डब्ल्यू ई को समाप्त करने के लिए सरकार ने क्या उपाय किए हैं? (UPSC 2025,10 Marks,150 Words)

EN ह

Left Wing Extremism (LWE), often associated with the Naxalite-Maoist insurgency, poses a significant threat to India's internal security, affecting over 90 districts. It primarily impacts tribal and rural populations, disrupting livelihoods and access to resources. The government, under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, aims to eliminate LWE by 2026 through a multi-pronged strategy involving security operations, development initiatives, and improved governance. The Home Ministry has reported a 77% decline in LWE-related violence since 2010.

Understanding Left Wing Extremism (LWE):
  ● Definition: Left Wing Extremism refers to the activities of radical groups that aim to overthrow the existing democratic structure through violent means. These groups are often inspired by Maoist or Marxist ideologies.  
  ● Affected Areas: LWE is predominantly active in the "Red Corridor," which includes parts of states like Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Bihar, and Maharashtra.  
 Impact on People:
  ● Security Threat: LWE poses a significant threat to the internal security of India, leading to loss of life and property. 
  ● Economic Disruption: Frequent attacks on infrastructure such as roads, railways, and communication networks hinder economic development in affected regions.  
  ● Social Impact: The presence of LWE groups leads to displacement of local populations, disruption of education, and healthcare services.  
 Government Measures to Eliminate LWE:
  ● Security Operations: The government has intensified security operations through coordinated efforts between central and state police forces. The establishment of specialized forces like the Commando Battalion for Resolute Action (CoBRA) is a key step.  
  ● Development Initiatives: The government has launched various development schemes to address the root causes of LWE, such as poverty and lack of infrastructure. Programs like the Integrated Action Plan (IAP) focus on improving infrastructure and providing employment in affected areas.  
  ● Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy: The government encourages militants to surrender by offering rehabilitation packages, including financial assistance, skill development, and employment opportunities.  
  ● Intelligence Sharing: Enhanced intelligence sharing between central and state agencies has been prioritized to preempt and prevent LWE activities.  
  ● Community Policing: Initiatives to build trust between local communities and law enforcement agencies have been implemented to gather local support against LWE.  
  ● Use of Technology: Deployment of advanced technology such as drones and satellite imagery for surveillance and intelligence gathering has been increased.  
  ● Public Awareness Campaigns: Efforts to educate the local population about the negative impacts of LWE and the benefits of government schemes are ongoing.  
 Examples and Data:
  ● Reduction in Incidents: According to government data, there has been a significant reduction in LWE-related incidents, with a decline of over 70% from 2010 to 2020.  
  ● Decreased Influence: The number of districts affected by LWE has reduced from 106 in 2010 to 70 in 2021, indicating the shrinking influence of extremist groups. 

Left Wing Extremism (LWE) refers to the insurgency led by Maoist groups in India, affecting rural and tribal areas. It disrupts development, instills fear, and hinders economic growth. The Indian government has implemented security operations, development initiatives, and community engagement to combat LWE. By 2026, the government aims to eliminate LWE, as stated by Home Minister Amit Shah. A focus on "winning hearts and minds" through inclusive development is crucial for sustainable peace and progress.